AD31: Principles of Economics is an Intermediate Level paper in the KASNEB Accounting Technician Diploma (ATD) qualification. It equips learners with the fundamental knowledge and analytical skills required to understand how individuals, businesses, and governments make economic decisions regarding the allocation of scarce resources. The course covers both microeconomics and macroeconomics, emphasizing the application of economic principles to business, public policy, and everyday decision-making.

Key Topics Covered

Introduction to Economics
Basic Economic Concepts and Systems
Demand and Supply Analysis
Consumer Behaviour
Production and Cost Theory
Market Structures
Pricing and Resource Allocation
National Income Accounting
Money and Banking
Inflation and Unemployment
Fiscal and Monetary Policy
Economic Growth and Development
International Trade
Balance of Payments
Exchange Rates
Globalization and Regional Economic Integration
Contemporary Economic Issues
Ethical Issues in Economics

KSh7,000.00

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Last Updated: August 9, 2026

This course includes

Economic Fundamentals
- Nature and scope of economics
- Scarcity, choice, and opportunity cost
- Economic systems
- Resource allocation
Microeconomics
- Demand and supply
- Consumer behaviour
- Production and costs
- Market structures
- Price determination
Macroeconomics
- National income
- Inflation and unemployment
- Economic growth
- Business cycles
Money and Banking
- Functions of money
- Banking system
- Central banking
- Monetary policy
Government and the Economy
- Fiscal policy
- Public expenditure
- Taxation
- Government intervention
International Economics
- International trade
- Balance of payments
- Exchange rates
- Globalization and regional integration
Contemporary Economic Issues
- Sustainable development
- Economic inequality
- Environmental economics
- Digital economy
Professional Ethics
- Ethical decision-making
- Responsible resource allocation
- Economic accountability
- Professional integrity

Upon completing AD31, you should be able to:

Apply economic principles to business and financial decision-making.
Analyze market behavior and price determination.
Interpret macroeconomic indicators and government economic policies.
Evaluate the impact of international trade and globalization on businesses and economies.
Assess economic issues using analytical and critical thinking skills.
Support business decisions using sound economic reasoning.
Demonstrate ethical and professional judgment in economic analysis.

CAMS 1 CAMS COURSES KASNEB COURSES

AD31: Principles of Economics

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Key Topics Covered

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